The systemic approach is based on the
man-machine system which includes:
-The human operator- which is the main
beneficiary of an improved safety culture;
-The task(s) that the human operator is
performing- tasks that are designed being focused on safety culture;
-the machine(s)-which are the instruments
for task performing; the written instructions for these machines are also
safety culture oriented; instead being just a text they are edited being
individualized for each human operator understanding level;
-The (work) environment- which is the key
for an optimal safety culture development;
Figure 1 presents schematically this system
Figure 1 The man machine system
The systemic approach is respected also in
the development of safety culture, like in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Safety culture development phases
There are three main phases, followed by a
check-in phase:
-The seed phase- when the instruments and
methodologies of safety culture are developed or collected. All the essential
instruments and methods must be caught in writing, so that a document regarding
safety culture exists. Such documents are mainly safety best practice procedures
but could be also other procedures implementing various activities. For
example, training is not necessarily safety connected- but a continuous risk
assessment-training procedure is a must for every healthy safety culture; the
seed phase could be also mapped on the safety trophic chain on the first level
of the chain- that of individual safety. The human operator is trained
individually first.
-The prototype phase- when the seeds are
implemented in one or several workplaces- for all the components of the
man-machine system; in this phase the main safety culture components are tested
against the real workplace and also against the human operators. An alpha
feedback is recorded from the human operator and-by the safety practician- from
the man-machine system in his integrity. For example, at a workplace the human
feedback was OK but tasks were constantly not designed in the spirit of safety
culture- the analysis showing that the task designers were taking safety as
granted.
If the safety culture implementation is not
passing the societal approval test it must be re-designed from the beginning.
The failure of the societal test means that even if the safety culture was
designed with the best intentions in mind- the impact upon the employees is
none or minimal- so it is not usable in a specific environment. It is the
manager job to decide if he changes the environment or re-designs the safety
culture in order to fit the human dimension.
-The product phase.
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