GENERAL ASPECTS
Loss control is one of the most neglected
aspects of occupational safety management. Generally:
a) There are few referential by which to
evaluate loss in a specific workplace;
b) Few top managers are willing to declare
that there is a loss problem inside their enterprise; more line managers are
not interested in losing their time in order to quantify loss.
A new method concerning the evidence of
occupational loss and the estimation of enterprise loss control capabilities
was developed under my supervision.
The method is oriented towards the
following goals:
-a.) realize the evidence of significant
occupational safety related loss at workplaces; we are understanding as safety
related loss the one that if not checked and controlled in due time could turn
into incidents and occupational accidents;
-b) assess the existing loss control
capabilities of the enterprise;
-c) propose improvements for these
capabilities in order to make loss control operational and efficient;
Some relevant aspects of the method are
presented in this paper.
DESCRIPTION OF THE METHOD
The generic diagram could be seen in Figure
1.
Figure 1-Structure of the new method
In order to talk about loss there should be
specific evidence- concerning loss that is:
a) out of the usual activity;
b) targeted by improvement plans;
Once identified and declared relevant- the
enterprise should assess its loss control capabilities. The assessment is using analytic hierarchy
process A-HP and done on the basis of an expert team, as presented in the
paragraph below.
ASSESSMENT OF LOSS CONTROL CAPABILITIES
The method uses analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in order to assess loss control
capabilities- given the complexity of the problem.
The analytic
hierarchy process (AHP) is a structured technique for organizing and analysing
complex decisions, like those needed in Safety Management based on mathematics
and psychology.
Generally, most of the safety constructs
(technical, human or organisational) could be considered as analytic
hierarchies.
The method could be applied in group
decision making- considering the expertise held by safety specialists.
Assessors first decompose their situation
regarding loss control into a hierarchy of more easily comprehended
sub-problems, each of which can be analysed independently. The elements of the
hierarchy can relate to significant aspects of the decision problem—tangible or
intangible, carefully measured or roughly estimated, well or poorly
understood—anything at all that applies to the decision at hand.
The AHP converts these evaluations to
numerical values that can be processed and compared over the entire range of
the problem. A numerical weight or priority is derived for each element of the
hierarchy, allowing diverse and often incommensurable elements to be compared
to one another in a rational and consistent way. This capability distinguishes
the AHP from other decision making techniques.
The procedure for using the AHP in this method
of loss control can be summarized as:
-Model the problem (loss control inside an
operational facility) as a hierarchy containing the decision goal, the
alternatives for reaching it, and the criteria for evaluating the alternatives.
-Establish priorities among the elements of
the hierarchy by making a series of judgments based on pairwise comparisons of
the elements. For example, comparing the human based and the organisational
based approaches regarding a better loss control;
-Synthesize these judgments to yield a set
of overall priorities for the hierarchy. This would combine the expert’s
judgments about location, price and timing for properties A, B, C, and D into
overall priorities for each property.
-Check the consistency of the judgments on
the basis of actual results in loss control for similar units.
-Come to a final decision based on the
results of this process.
Specific software Expert Choice 200- was
used for the implementation of the assessment structure. Behind each item (main
influencers) is a checklist with more than 50 items- that the assessment panel
should use.
Figure 2 shows the main reporting print.
Figure 2- Main reporting print
Some aspects of this assessment are
presented in figures 3, 4 and 5.
Figure 3-Constructed hierarchy for assessment
Figure 3 shows the constructed hierarchy
draft.This hierarchy is based on the OTO paradigm Operator-Technique-Organization.
Figure 4-Analysis of the cooperation attribute
Figure 5- Dynamic sensitivity
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